Author
- Ptolemy1
- Quintus Curtius Rufus1
- Rabanus Maurus1
- Rafaino Caresini1
- Raginaldus Collus Rubeus1
- Ralph of Longchamp1
- Remigius of Auxerre1
- Republic of Venice1
- Richard II of England1
- Richard Rolle1
- Richard de Fournival1
- Richard de Geveldale1
- Roberto Caracciolo1
- Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk1
- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Siena1
- Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius1
- Saadia Gaon1
- Sarrazius de Bethencourt1
- Saʻīd ibn Hibat Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn1
- Sebastian Schindler1