- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Risālah al-Samarqandīyah fī al-istiʻarāt1
- Samarqandī, Abū al-Qāsim ibn Abī Bakr, active 15th century. Sharḥ al-Waḍʻīyah1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, 13th cent. Risālah fī ādāb al-baḥth1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Maḥmūd. Sharḥ al-Qaṣīdah al-fāʼiḥah fī tajwīd al-Fātiḥah1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, d. 1160 or 61. Multaqaṭ1
- Samtī, Yūsuf ibn Khālid, -805 or 8061
- Samāʻ al-ṭabīʻī (Avicenna)1
- Sanūsī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, approximately 1427-approximately 1490. Muqaddimah1
- Sanūsī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, approximately 1427-approximately 1490. Muqaddimāt1
- Sanūsī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, approximately 1427-approximately 1490. Sharḥ al-Mukhtaṣar fī al-manṭiq1
- Sanūsī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, approximately 1427-approximately 1490. ʻAqīdah al-ṣughrá1
- Saudi Arabia1
- Sayf, King of Yemen, approximately 516-approximately 5741
- Sayfī, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Mahdī, -1727 or 1728. Naẓm Zubdat al-uṣūl1
- Sayyidah Nafīsah, 762 or 763-823 or 8241
- Saʻdī Chalabī, Saʻd Allāh ibn ʻĪsá, -1538 or 1539. Ḥāshiyah ʻalá Anwār al-tanzīl1
- Saʻdī, ʻAbd al-Qādir ibn Abī al-Qāsim, d. 1475. Rafʻ al-sutūr wa-al-arāʼik ʻan mukhabbaʼāt Awḍaḥ al-masālik1
- Scales (Weighing instruments)1
- Schools1
- Science, Medieval1