- Poets, Arab2
- Political ethics2
- Politics and government2
- Predestination (Islam)2
- Purity, Ritual--Islam2
- Qiblah2
- Quadrants (Astronomical instruments)2
- Qurʼan. Sūrat al-Baqarah2
- Quṭb al-Taḥtānī, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad, 1294 or 1295-1364 or 1365. Lawāmiʻ al-asrār fī sharḥ Maṭāliʻ al-anwār2
- Salat2
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Risālah fī ādāb al-baḥth2
- Sanūsī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, approximately 1427-approximately 1490. Mukhtaṣar fī al-manṭiq2
- Science2
- Sharḥ Shamsīyah (Quṭb al-Taḥtānī, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad)2
- Shaybānī, Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, approximately 750-804 or 805. Jāmiʻ al-ṣaghīr2
- Shāfiyah (Ibn al-Ḥājib, ʻUthmān ibn ʻUmar)2
- Solitude--Religious aspects--Islam2
- Sufism--Rituals2
- Sullam (Akhḍarī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad)2
- Syria2