- Romero family1
- Ros Pelayre, Miguel1
- Rueda family1
- Rueda, Baltasar de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Bernardino de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Luis de, active 1553-15691
- Rueda, Rodrigo de, active 1553-15691
- Rufina, Saint, -approximately 2871
- Rules2
- Sacred vocal music9
- Sacrifice--Judaism1
- Sancho Garcés I, King of Navarre, -9251
- Sancho II, King of Castile and Leon, 1037 or 1038-10721
- Sancho IV, King of Castile and Leon, 1257-12952
- Sarmiento, Pero. Sentencia-Estatuto1
- Satire1
- Satires1
- Science1
- Seals3
- Seals, wax1