- Rustam, Amir-zadeh, Sultan1
- Râmâyaṇa (Old Javanese kakawin)1
- Sacred works1
- Saint-Martin de Plaimpied (Augustinian Monastery)1
- Saint-Victor (Abbey : Paris, France)1
- Salt mines and mining1
- Salvation1
- Samaritans1
- Samarqandī, Muḥammad ibn Ashraf, active 13th century. Ashkāl al-taʼsīs1
- Samson (Biblical judge)1
- Sancho Garcés I, King of Navarre, -9251
- Sancho II, King of Castile and Leon, 1037 or 1038-10721
- Sarmiento, Pero. Sentencia-Estatuto1
- Satire, Latin1
- Satire, Spanish1
- Savelli, Troilo, -15921
- Sayf, King of Yemen, approximately 516-approximately 5741
- Sayings1
- Scandinavia1
- Scholasticism1